The pharmaceutical supply chain is the process of sourcing, manufacturing, distributing, and dispensing medications to ensure quick availability, legal compliance, and quality control. Collaboration among a variety of stakeholders—including producers, distributors, wholesalers, pharmacies, and healthcare providers—is essential in this complex network to ensure the safe and efficient delivery of required pharmaceuticals to patients. Proactive management and transparency in the supply chain are essential to addressing problems including pharmaceutical shortages, counterfeiting, and regulatory c

The pharmaceutical industry has witnessed unprecedented problems in recent years. Safety issues and concerns related to certain drugs, compounded with competition from generic and non-generic drugs, have increased the cost of drugs, on average, by 24% in the U.S. over the past three years. This has resulted in prescription costs declining by 4% for privately insured patients between 2010 and 2013.The same worries exist in emerging markets such as Brazil, India and China. One possible solution is to develop a range of therapeutically effective vaccines.Antibiotics are crucial for treating ba